Vyākaraṇa – Page 2 – Anuśīlana.in

rañjanaṁ tat-sādhanaṁ vā rāgaḥ

rañjanaṁ tat-sādhanaṁ vā rāgaḥ | neha—rajaty asmin raṅgaḥ |
(Vṛtti on Hari-nāmāmṛta-vyākaraṇa: 1619)

“[The word] Rāga [made from the dhātu rañj and the pratyāya [gh]a[ṇ]] means rañjana [i.e., coloring, the act of being colored; alt., delighting; alt., desire, attachment, love, or beauty] or a means thereof [i.e., dye, that by which something becomes colored]. Not here [is the operation described in the sūtra applied]: raṅga [thus] means that wherein one delights [i.e., a theater, a stage, etc.].”

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dig-dṛṣṭi-dīdhiti-svarga-vajra-vāg-bāṇa-vāriṣu

dig-dṛṣṭi-dīdhiti-svarga-vajra-vāg-bāṇa-vāriṣu |
bhūmau paśau ca go-śabdo vidvadbhir daśasu smṛtaḥ ||
(Halāyudha; cited in the Amṛta-tīkā on Hari-nāmāmṛta-vyākaraṇa: 1581)

“The word go is considered by the wise in ten senses: (1) direction (diś), (2) eye [alt., sense] (dṛṣṭi), (3) ray of light (dīdhiti), (4) Svarga, (5) thunderbolt (vajra), (6) speech [alt., Sarasvatī Devī] (vāc), (7) arrow (bāṇa), (8) water (vāri), (9) earth [alt., place] (bhūmi), and (10) cow [alt., animal, or, living being] (paśu).”

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upamīyate yena tad upamānam, yat tūpamīyate tad upameyam

upamīyate yena tad upamānam, yat tūpamīyate tad upameyam |
(Amṛta-ṭīkā on Hari-nāmāmṛta-vyākaraṇa: 1314)

“That with which comparing occurs [i.e., to which something is compared] is [called] the upamāna [i.e., the object of comparison], and that which is compared [to the upamāna] is [called] the upameya [i.e., the subject of comparison, e.g., in the phrase ‘lotus feet,’ the lotus is the upamāna and feet are the upameya].”

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antar-bhinna-padatve’py eka-nāmatvena yojanaṁ samāsaḥ

antar-bhinna-padatve’py eka-nāmatvena yojanaṁ samāsaḥ | sa ca paraspara-sambandhārthānāṁ sv-ādy-antānām |
(Vṛtti on Hari-nāmāmṛta-vyākaraṇa: 1273; Hari-nāmāmṛta-vyākaraṇa: 1682–3)

“Although possessed of separate words (padas) internally, a joining [of two or more words] into one nāma is [called] compounding (samāsa). It [i.e., compounding], furthermore, is [only] for those [padas (words)] the meaning of which have a relationship with one another and which [typically] end in the svādis [i.e., the suffixes (viṣṇubhaktis) su and so on, meaning, words that are already declined].”

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mata-bhede śiṣṭa-prayoga eva pramāṇam

mata-bhede śiṣṭa-prayoga eva pramāṇam |
(Amṛta-ṭīkā on Hari-nāmāmṛta-vyākaraṇa: 955)

“In the case of a difference of opinion, the usage of the learned is the pramāṇa [i.e., the means of determining propriety].”

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prayoga eva pramāṇa-śiromaṇiḥ

prayoga eva pramāṇa-śiromaṇiḥ,
ataś ca tad-anusāri vyākaraṇam |
(Amṛta-tīkā on Hari-nāmāmṛta-vyākaraṇa: 1244)

“Usage is the crest jewel of pramāṇas [in grammar], and thus vyākaraṇa [i.e., grammatical correctness] follows that [i.e., is determined to reflect established usage].”

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