Prema-bhakti

vihāya pitṛ-devādīn pariniṣṭhāṅ gato harau

vihāya pitṛ-devādīn pariniṣṭhāṅ gato harau |
tad-gāḍha-premabhiḥ pūrṇa ekāntīti nigadyate ||
(Unknown source; cited in the Bṛhad Vaiṣṇava-toṣaṇī-ṭīkā, Laghu Vaiṣṇava-toṣaṇī-ṭīkā, and Sārārtha-darśinī-ṭīkā on Śrīmad Bhāgavatam: 10.46.2)

“One who forsakes the forefathers, devas, and so forth, is given to complete fixity upon Hari, and is fulfilled by virtue of an abundance of intense prema for him is called ‘one-pointed’ (ekānti).”

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ādi-purāṇe ca śrīmad-arjuna-vākyaṁ

ādi-purāṇe ca śrīmad-arjuna-vākyaṁ—
trailokye bhagavad-bhaktāḥ ke tvāṁ jānanti marmaṇi |
keṣu vā tvaṁ sadā tuṣṭaḥ keṣu prema tavātulam ||
śrī-bhagavad-vākyaṁ—
na tathā me priyatamo brahmā rudraś ca pārthiva |
na ca lakṣmīr na cātmā ca yathā gopī-jano mama ||
bhaktā mamānuraktāś ca kati santi na bhū-tale |
kintu gopī-janaḥ prāṇādhika-priyatamo mama ||
na māṁ jānanti munayo yoginaś ca parantapa |
na ca rudrādayo devā yathā gopyo vidanti mām ||
na tapobhir na vedaiś ca nācārair na ca vidyayā |
vaśo’smi kevalaṁ premṇā pramāṇaṁ tatra gopikāḥ ||
man-māhātmyaṁ mat-saparyāṁ mac-chraddhāṁ man-manogatam |
jānanti gopikāḥ pārtha nānye jānanti marmaṇi ||
nijāṅgam api yā gopyo mameti samupāsate |
tābhyaḥ paraṁ na me pārtha nigūḍha-prema-bhājanam ||
(Ādi Purāṇa; cited in Laghu Bhāgavatāmṛta: 2.1.34–40; Caitanya-caritāmṛta: 1.4.184, 213)

“Also a statement of Śrīmad Arjuna [to Śrī Kṛṣṇa] in Ādi Purāṇa: ‘Which bhaktas of Bhagavān throughout the three worlds know you in truth? With whom are you always pleased? For whom do you have unparalleled prema? The reply of Śrī Bhagavān: ‘O royal, neither Brahmā, nor Rudra, nor Lakṣmī, nor myself are so beloved to me as the gopīs. How many devoted bhaktas do I have on the surface of the earth? [So many.] The gopīs, however, are beloved to me more so than [even] my life [so, it goes without saying they are more dear to me than all my other bhaktas]. The sages and yogīs do not know me, O tormenter of enemies. Not even Rudra or any of the other devas know me as the gopīs do. I am not captivated by austerities, by [study of] the Vedas, by observances of conduct, or by knowledge. [Rather, I am captivated] Only by prema. The gopīs are the evidence (pramāṇa) of this. The gopīs know my greatness, my service, my desire, and my intent. O Pārtha, no one else knows [these] in truth. O Pārtha, there are no greater vessels of highly confidential prema for me than the gopīs, who care even for their own bodies as my own [i.e., they care for their own bodies only because they consider them instruments for my service].”

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Vṛtrāsura-stuti

Vṛtrāsura-stuti

Six verses illustrating the nature of pure prīti for Bhagavān spoken by Vṛtrāsura.

Excerpted from Śrīmad Bhāgavatam 6.11.22–27.

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atha śrutau—‘bhaktir evainaṁ nayati

atha śrutau—‘bhaktir evainaṁ nayati, bhaktir evainaṁ darśayati bhakti-vaśaḥ puruṣo bhaktir eva bhūyasī’ iti śrūyate | tasmād evaṁ vivicyate—yā caivaṁ bhagavantaṁ svānandena madayati, sā kiṁ-lakṣaṇā syāt? iti | … hlādiny-ākhya-tadīya-svarūpa-śakty-ānanda-rūpaiveti avaśiṣyate, yayā khalu bhagavān svarūpānandam anubhavati, yad-ānandenānanda-viśeṣī-bhavati, yayaivaṁ taṁ tam ānandam anyān apy anubhāvayatīti | … tasyā hlādinyā eva kāpi sarvānandātiśāyinī vṛttir nityaṁ bhakta-vṛndeṣv eva nikṣipyamāṇā bhagavat-prīty-ākhyayā vartate | atas tad-anubhavena śrī-bhagavān api śrīmad-bhakteṣu prīty-atiśayaṁ bhajata iti | ata eva tat-sukhena bhakta-bhagavatoḥ parasparam āveśam āha—sādhavo hṛdayaṁ mahyaṁ sādhūnāṁ hṛdayaṁ tv aham | mad-anyat te na jānanti nāhaṁ tebhyo manāg api || … atyantāveśenaikatāpattyā jvalal-lohādāv agni-vyapadeśavad atrāpy abheda-nirdeśa ity arthaḥ | tenaiva parasparaṁ vaśavartitvam āha—ajita jitaḥ sama-matibhiḥ sādhubhir bhavān jitātmabhir bhavatā | vijitās te’pi ca bhajatām akāmātmanāṁ ya ātmado’ti-karuṇaḥ ||
(Prīti Sandarbha: 65)

“Now, in the Śruti [i.e., Māṭhara-śruti], it is heard, ‘Bhakti certainly attracts him. Bhakti certainly reveals him. The Puruṣa is captivated by bhakti. Bhakti is certainly [thus] supreme.’ Therefore, the following is to be considered: what could be the character of that which in this way maddens Bhagavān with its own bliss? … Only the bliss aspect of his [i.e., Bhagavān’s] svarūpa-śakti, known as hlādinī—(1) by which Bhagavān verily experiences the bliss of his own nature (svarūpa), (2) by the bliss of which he becomes possessed of the particular bliss [i.e., by virtue of which he possesses bliss as an inherent attribute], and (3) by which he similarly causes others as well to experience bliss—remains [as an acceptable conclusion]. [Thus,] Some particular vṛtti of the hlādini [-śakti], abounding in all bliss and being eternally cast only into bhaktas, exists by the name of prīti for Bhagavān. Then, by experience thereof [i.e., by experience of this vṛtti of the hlādinī-śakti known as prīti, when it is expressed to Bhagavān by the bhaktas into whom Bhagavān has cast it], Śrī Bhagavān also feels pleasure in profusion from his beautiful bhaktas. Therefore, Śrī Bhagavān [in SB 9.4.63] describes the mutual absorption of the bhakta and Bhagavān [in one another that occurs] because of that happiness, ‘The sādhus are my heart, and I am the heart of the sādhus. They do not know anyone other than I, and I do not know anyone other than them in the least.’ … As a red-hot iron or another object is called fire because of an acquisition of oneness [with fire] as a result of extreme immersion [i.e., as a red-hot iron is sometimes referred to as fire because fire has become completely infused into it], here too a description of non-difference is made [i.e., Śrī Bhagavān says he is the heart of sādhus and they are his heart because their hearts have acquired a state of oneness as a result of the intense absorption of their hearts in one another produced by the joy of prīti for one another, that is, produced by the effect of the supreme vṛtti of Śrī Bhagavān’s hlādinī-śakti, viz., prīti, or prema-bhakti; the sādhus, however, are not literally Bhagavān’s heart, and Bhagavān is not literally the sādhus’ heart]. This is the meaning. Specifically because of this [i.e., because of the happiness and consequent mutual absorption felt by Śrī Bhagavān and his bhaktas by virtue of prīti], Citraketu describes their mutual captivation [of another in SB 6.16.34], ‘O Unconquerable One! You are conquered by sādhus [i.e., bhaktas] who are of equal mind and conquered heart, and they are also fully conquered by you, who are highly gracious and give yourself to those who perform worship with hearts free from [extraneous] desire.’”

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namaḥ śrī-kṛṣṇa-candrāya nirupādhi-kṛpākṛte

namaḥ śrī-kṛṣṇa-candrāya nirupādhi-kṛpākṛte |
yaḥ śrī-caitanya-rūpo’bhūt tanvan prema-rasaṁ kalau ||
(Bṛhad Bhāgavatāmṛta: 1.10)

“Obeisance unto the moon Śrī Kṛṣṇa, the embodiment of unconditional grace, who became the form of Śrī Caitanya and distributed prema-rasa in [the Age of] Kali.”

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śrī-rādhikā-prabhṛtayo nitarāṁ jayanti

śrī-rādhikā-prabhṛtayo nitarāṁ jayanti
gopyo nitānta-bhagavat-priyatā-prasiddhāḥ |
yāsāṁ harau parama-sauhṛda-mādhurīṇāṁ
nirvaktum īṣad api jātu na ko’pi śaktaḥ ||
(Bṛhad Bhāgavatāmṛta: 1.2)

“The gopīs led by Śrī Rādhikā—

Whose extraordinary dearness

To Bhagavān is renowned,

And the sweetnesses

Of whose supreme affection for Hari

No one can ever describe even slightly—

Eternally triumph!”

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prītir yato yasya sukhaṁ ca yena

prītir yato yasya sukhaṁ ca yena
samyag bhavet tad-rasikasya tasya |
tat sādhanaṁ śreṣṭhatamaṁ susevyaṁ
sadbhir mataṁ pratyuta sādhya-rūpam ||
(Bṛhad Bhāgavatāmṛta: 2.3.152)

“The sādhana related to him [i.e., Śrī Bhagavān] of a relisher of him for which one’s complete affinity (__prīti__), and by which [one’s complete] satisfaction, shall come about is the best of all, [is] to be excellently performed, and [is] considered, rather, the goal and a form [of that goal] by the sat.”

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atha śrī-bhagavat-prīti-lakṣaṇa-vākyānāṁ niṣkarṣaḥ

atha śrī-bhagavat-prīti-lakṣaṇa-vākyānāṁ niṣkarṣaḥ | nikhila-paramānanda-candrikā-candramasi-sakala-bhuvana-saubhāgya-sāra-sarvasva-sattva-guṇopajīvyānanta-vilāsa-mayāmāyika-viśuddha-sattvānavaratollāsād asamordhva-madhure śrī-bhagavati katham api cittāvatārād anapekṣita-vidhiḥ svarasata eva samullasantī viṣayāntarair anavacchedyā tātparyāntaram asahamānā hlādinī-sāra-vṛtti-viśeṣa-svarūpā bhagavad-ānukūlyātmaka-tad-anugata-tat-spṛhādi-maya-jñāna-viśeṣākārā tādṛśa-bhakta-mano-vṛtti-viśeṣa-dehā pīyūṣa-pūrato’pi sarasena svenaiva sva-dehaṁ sarasayantī bhakta-kṛtātma-rahasya-saṅgopana-guṇa-maya-rasanā-bāṣpa-muktādi-vyakta-pariṣkārā sarva-guṇaika-nidhāna-svabhāvā dāsīkṛtāśeṣa-puruṣārtha-sampattikā bhagavat-pātivratya-vrata-varyā-paryākulā bhagavan-manoharaṇaikopāya-hāri-rūpā bhāgavatī prītis tam upasevamānā virājata iti |
(Prīti Sandarbha: 78)

“Now, the essence of the [aforementioned] statements about the characteristics of prīti for Śrī Bhagavān [is summarized]. Śrī Bhagavān—the Moon refulgent with the moonlight of the totality of the highest bliss, he of unsurpassed and unparalleled sweetness (madhura) by virtue of the everlasting elation produced by [his] completely pure sattva [lit., ‘existence’] beyond māyā which is (1) filled with endless play (vilāsa), (2) the sustenance of [prākṛta] sattva-guṇa, and (3) the essence and entirety of [all] the good fortune [found] throughout all the worlds—divine (Bhāgavatī) prīti for Bhagavān [i.e., Bhagavān as he has thus been described]—(1) non-dependent on injunctions because of descending into the citta somehow [i.e., of its own accord by the gracious wish of Śrī Bhagavān], (2) fully elating entirely naturally [i.e., solely by virtue of her own nature and the nature of her object, Bhagavān], (3) inseparable [from him] by any other object, (4) intolerant of any other intention [alt., aim] (tātparya) [than him], (5) in constitution (svarūpa) a special vṛtti of the essence of hlādinī [i.e., of the hlādinī-vṛtti of Bhagavān’s svarūpa-śakti], (6) in appearance (ākāra) a particular form of awareness (jñāna) constituted of favorability (ānukūlya) towards Bhagavān and filled with desire [for Bhagavān] and so forth following [in the wake of] that [favorability towards him; i.e., a particular form of awareness (jñāna) constituted of favorability (ānukūlya) towards Bhagavān that is filled with elation caused by experience of Śrī Bhagavān as a result of desire for Śrī Bhagavān arising from favorability (ānukūlya) towards Śrī Bhagavān], (7) in figure (deha) a particular vṛtti in the mind of such a bhakta, (8) imbuing her own figure (deha) with rasa [i.e., relishability] greater than even a dessert made of ambrosia [i.e., than even the finest sweets that can be found in Svarga] solely by means of her own rasa [i.e., her own inherent relishability], (9) bearing the visible decorations (pariṣkāra) of the pearls of tears, an ornamental girdle made of the quality exhibited by a bhakta of hiding one’s own secrets, and so on, (10) in nature (svabhāva) a superb reservoir of all qualities, (11) in affluence (sampattikā) having made all the puruṣārthas maidservants, (12) greatly excited as a varyā [i.e., a bride who chooses her own husband] devoted to her vow of fidelity (pātivratya) to Bhagavān, and (13) captivating in beauty (rūpā) the sole approach [i.e., undertaking] of which is captivation of Bhagavān’s mind—[as such, personified prīti for Bhagavān] dazzles as she adores him.”

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devānāṁ guṇa-liṅgānām ānuśravika-karmaṇām

devānāṁ guṇa-liṅgānām ānuśravika-karmaṇām |
sattva evaika-manaso vṛttiḥ svābhāvikī tu yā ||
animittā bhāgavatī bhaktiḥ siddher garīyasī ||

(Śrīmad Bhāgavatam: 3.25.32; cited in Hari-bhakti-vilāsa: 11.614; Prīti Sandarbha: 61)

“The vṛtti [i.e., engagement] solely in relation to Sattva [i.e., Bhagavān], which is natural [i.e., not effected by force] and causeless [i.e., free from extraneous desire], of the illuminators [i.e., the senses], which make known their objects and whose actions are directed by the Veda, of one of singular [i.e., one-pointed] mind is [known as] bhakti related to Bhagavān, and [is] superior to siddhi [i.e., mokṣa].”

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te prīty-eka-puruṣārthino’pi bhāva-viśeṣeṇānyad vāñchantu na

te prīty-eka-puruṣārthino’pi bhāva-viśeṣeṇānyad vāñchantu na vāñchantu vā sva-sva-bhakti-jāty-anurūpā bhakti-parikarāḥ padārthāḥ saṁsāra-dhvaṁsa-pūrvakam udayanta eva |
(Prīti Sandarbha: 51)

“Whether those whose sole aim of human life is prīti desire or do not desire anything else on account of a particular bhāva [i.e., anything in addition to prīti, such as a particular type of mukti to facilitate the fulfillment of a particular desire to serve Bhagavān in a particular way], the elements supporting their bhakti and corresponding to their personal type of bhakti certainly manifest [to them] after the destruction of saṁsāra [i.e., after they are liberated from saṁsāra].”

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