Kāvya-śāstras

sattvodrekād akhaṇḍa-sva-prakāśānanda-cinmayaḥ

sattvodrekād akhaṇḍa-sva-prakāśānanda-cinmayaḥ |
vedyāntara-sparśa-śūnyo brahmāsvāda-sahodaraḥ ||
lokottara-camatkāra-prāṇaḥ kaiścit pramātṛbhiḥ |
svākāravad abhinnatvenāyam āsvādyate rasaḥ ||
(Sāhitya-darpaṇa: 3.2–3; cited in Prīti Sandarbha: 110)

“Undivided, self-manifest, constituted of experience of bliss, free from the touch of any other object to be cognized, the brother of which is relish of Brahman, and the life (prāṇa) of which is extraordinary wonder—this, rasa, is relished by virtue of a predominance of sattva [within the mind] by some qualified perceivers as being non-different [from the self] like one’s body.”

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dharmārtha-kāma-mokṣeṣu vaicakṣaṇyaṁ kalāsu ca

dharmārtha-kāma-mokṣeṣu vaicakṣaṇyaṁ kalāsu ca |
karoti kīrtiṁ prītiṁ ca sādhu-kāvya-niṣevaṇam ||
(Bhāmahālaṅkāra: 1.2; cited in Sāhitya-darpaṇa)

“Cultivation [i.e., composition and study] of fine poetry (kāvya) leads to proficiency in dharma, artha, kāma, mokṣa, and the arts, as well as renown and pleasure.”

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caturvarga-phala-prāptiḥ sukhād alpa-dhiyām api

caturvarga-phala-prāptiḥ sukhād alpa-dhiyām api |
kāvyād eva yatas tena tat-svarūpaṁ nirūpyate ||
(Sāhitya-darpaṇa: 1.2)

“Because attainment of the result of the caturvarga [i.e., dharma, artha, kāma, and mokṣa] occurs easily even for one of meager intelligence by means of poetry (kāvya), the nature of that [i.e., of poetry (kāvya)] is delineated [here in this text].”

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subhāṣitaṁ hāri viśaty adho galān

subhāṣitaṁ hāri viśaty adho galān
na durjanasyārka-ripor ivāmṛtam |
tad eva dhatte hṛdayena saj-jano
harir mahāratnam ivātinirmalam ||
(Kādambarī: 7)

“A captivating subhāṣita [‘fine statement’] does not enter
Farther than the throat of a wicked person,
Just as ambrosia [does not enter
Farther than the throat] of Rāhu.
A wise person holds that specifically [i.e., a captivating subhāṣita] with the heart,
Just as Hari [holds with his heart] the supreme, exceedingly taintless jewel [i.e., the Kaustubha].”

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kaṭu kvaṇanto maladāyakāḥ khalās

kaṭu kvaṇanto maladāyakāḥ khalās
tudanty alaṁ bandhana-śṛṅkhalā iva |
manas tu sādhu-dhvanibhiḥ pade pade
haranti santo maṇi-nūpurā iva ||
(Kādambarī: 6)

“The wicked, like shackles,
Sound strident, wound severely, and leave marks.
On the contrary,
The good, like jeweled anklets,
At every step [alt., with every word],
Captivate the mind with excellent sounds [alt., implied meanings].”

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gatānugatiko mūrkhaḥ śāstronmādaś ca paṇḍitaḥ

gatānugatiko mūrkhaḥ śāstronmādaś ca paṇḍitaḥ |
nitya-kṣībāś ca veśyānāṁ jaṅgamāḥ kalpa-pādapāḥ ||
(Samaya-mātṛkā: 5.67; cited in Mahāsubhāṣita-saṅgraha: 7755)

“A fool is an imitator [lit., ‘a goer after that which has gone,’ i.e., just an uncritical follower of what those before them have done], a scholar (paṇḍita) is crazed by śāstra [i.e., undone as a result of pedantry, excessive concern for theory that results in a lack of practical application, etc.], and the ever-debased [alt., weak-minded] are the mobile desire-trees of prostitutes.”

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autsukya-mātram avasāyayati pratiṣṭhā​

autsukya-mātram avasāyayati pratiṣṭhā​
kliśnāti labdha-paripālana-vṛttir eva​ |
nātiśramāpanayanāya na ca śramāya​
rājyaṁ sva-hasta-dhṛta-daṇḍam ivātapatram​ ||
(Abhijñāna-śākuntalam: 5.6)​

“[Mahārāja Duṣyanta:] Position (pratiṣṭhā) reduces only eagerness [i.e., the longing to attain it], and the task of maintaining the acquired [position] causes only distress. Kingship, like an umbrella the pole of which is held in one’s own hand, leads neither to hardship nor to any great removal of hardship.”

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nṛṣu tava māyayā bhramam amīṣv avagatya bhṛśaṁ

nṛṣu tava māyayā bhramam amīṣv avagatya bhṛśaṁ
tvayi sudhiyo’bhave dadhati bhāvam anuprabhavam |
katham anuvartatāṁ bhava-bhayaṁ tava yad bhrū-kuṭiḥ
sṛjati muhus trinemir abhavac-charaṇeṣu bhayam ||
(Śrīmad Bhāgavatam: 10.87.32)

[Translated according to Śrī Śrīdhara Svāmīpāda’s commentary:] “Understanding the ignorance as a consequence of your māyā among these human beings wherefrom repeated birth ensues, the wise foster bhāva [i.e., render service] profusely for you, Non-existence [i.e., you who are the cause of liberation from material existence]. How could your followers have any distress on account of [material] existence, since the furrowing of your brows—time (trinemi)—creates distress perpetually for those who are not in your shelter?”

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yathā śrutaṁ vedavidāṁ vara tvayā

yathā śrutaṁ vedavidāṁ vara tvayā
jano’yam uccaiḥ pada-laṅghanotsukaḥ |
tapaḥ kiledaṁ tad-avāpti-sādhanaṁ
manorathānām agatir na vidyate ||
(Kumāra-sambhava: 5.64)

[Parvatī speaking to a sādhu:] “O knower of the Veda, what you have heard is correct. This person [i.e., I] is intent upon attaining a high position [i.e., that of the wife of Lord Śiva], and this austerity [I am performing] is indeed the means of attaining that. [Since it is such that] Desires have no unapproachable object.”

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