yam artham adhikṛtya pravartate tat prayojanam
yam artham adhikṛtya pravartate tat prayojanam |
(Nyāya-sūtra: 1.1.24)
“The object in regard to which one acts is [called] the aim (prayojana).”
yam artham adhikṛtya pravartate tat prayojanam |
(Nyāya-sūtra: 1.1.24)
“The object in regard to which one acts is [called] the aim (prayojana).”
uddiṣṭasya tattva-vyavacchedako dharmo lakṣaṇam |
(Vātsyāyana’s Nyāya-bhāṣya on Nyāya-sūtra: 1.1.3)
“A characteristic distinguishing of the nature of a stated object [from the nature of all other objects] is [called] a lakṣaṇa.”
para-matam apratiṣiddham anumatam |
(Tantra-yukti: 28; cited in Vātsyānana’s Nyāya-bhāṣya on the Nyāya-sūtras of Gautama)
“Another’s view that is not negated is approved.”
pradīpaḥ sarva-vidyānām upāyaḥ sarva-karmaṇām |
āśrayaḥ sarva-dharmānāṁ vidyoddeśe prakīrtitā ||
(Vātsyāyana’s Nyāya-bhāṣya on Gautama’s Nyāya-sūtra: 1.1.1)
“Ānvīkṣikī [i.e., logic (nyāya)] is stated in the enumeration of sciences [i.e., fields of knowledge] to be the lamp of all sciences (vidyās), the means for [accomplishing] all karmas, and the basis of all dharmas.”
avijñāta-tattve’rthe kāraṇopapattitas tattva-jñānārtham ūhas tarkaḥ |
(Nyāya-sūtra: 1.1.40)
“Tarka is [a type of] deliberation in the form of demonstration [i.e., proposition] of causes for the purpose of [attaining] knowledge of the nature (tattva) of an object the nature of which is unknown.”