Respect

apamānaṁ puraskṛtya kṛtvā mānaṁ tu pṛṣṭhataḥ

apamānaṁ puraskṛtya kṛtvā mānaṁ tu pṛṣṭhataḥ |
sva-kāryam uddharet prājñaḥ kārya-dhvaṁsena mūrkhatā ||
(Pañcatantra: 3.237; cited the Dig-darśinī-ṭīkā on Bṛhad Bhāgavatāmṛta: 2.4.244)
“Putting disrespect ahead and respect behind [i.e., accepting and learning from disrespect and not becoming conceived by receiving respect], a wise person shall accomplish one’s aim. Foolishness occurs by spoiling one’s aim [i.e., it is foolish to become preoccupied with the disrespect or respect one receives such that one fails to accomplish one’s aim].”

Read on →

vaiṣṇava-mātrāṇāṁ ca yathāyogyam ārādhanaṁ

vaiṣṇava-mātrāṇāṁ ca yathāyogyam ārādhanaṁ yathā itihāsa-samuccaye ‘tasmād viṣṇu-prasādāya vaiṣṇavān paritoṣayet | prasāda-sumukho viṣṇus tenaiva syān na saṁśayaḥ ||’ iti | vyatirekeṇāpi pādmottara-khaṇḍe ‘arcayitvā tu govindaṁ tadīyān nārcayet tu yaḥ | na sa bhāgavato jñeyaḥ kevalaṁ dāmbhikaḥ smṛtaḥ ||’ iti | tatra ‘sarvatrāskhalitādeśaḥ sapta-dvīpaika-daṇḍa-dhṛk | anyatra brāhmaṇa-kulād anyatrācyuta-gotrataḥ ||’ iti śrī-pṛthu-caritānusāreṇa yat kiñcij jātāv apy uttamatvam eva mantavyam, ‘yasya yal lakṣaṇaṁ proktaṁ puṁso varṇābhivyañjakam | yad anyatrāpi dṛśyeta tat tenaiva vinirdiśet ||’ iti nāradokti-dṛṣṭāntena vā | yathoktaṁ pādme ‘kim atra bahunoktena brāhmaṇā ye’py avaiṣṇavāḥ | na draṣṭavyā na spraṣṭavyā na vaktavyāḥ kadācana ||’ tatra māgha-māhātmye ca ‘śvapākam iva nekṣeta loke vipram avaiṣṇavam | vaiṣṇavo varṇa-bāhyo’pi punāti bhuvana-trayam || na śūdrā bhagavad-bhaktās te tu bhāgavatā matāḥ | sarva-varṇeṣu te śūdrā ye na bhaktā janārdane ||’ itihāsa-samuccaye ‘smṛtaḥ sambhāṣito vāpi pūjito vā dvijottama | punāti bhagavad-bhaktaś cāṇḍālo’pi yadṛcchayā ||’ anyathā doṣa-śravaṇaṁ ca tatraiva ‘śūdraṁ vā bhagavad-bhaktaṁ niṣādaṁ śvapacaṁ tathā | vīkṣate jāti-sāmānyāt sa yāti narakaṁ dhruvam ||’ iti | bhakti-vaiśiṣṭyena tu vaiśiṣṭyam api dṛśyate yathā gāruḍe ‘tad-bhakta-jana-vātsalyaṁ pūjāyāṁ cānumodanam | tat-kathā-śravaṇe prītiḥ svara-netrādi-vikriyā || viṣṇoś ca kāraṇaṁ nṛtyaṁ tad-arthe dambha-varjanam | svayam abhyarcanaṁ caiva yo viṣṇuṁ nopajīvati || bhaktir aṣṭa-vidhā hy eṣā yasmin mlecche’pi vartate | sa viprendro muni-śreṣṭhaḥ sa jñānī sa ca paṇḍitaḥ | tasmai deyaṁ tato grāhyaṁ sa ca pūjyo yathā hariḥ ||’ iti | ata evāha bhagavān ‘na me bhaktaś catur-vedī mad-bhaktaḥ śvapacaḥ priyaḥ | tasmai deyaṁ tato grāhyaṁ sa ca pūjyo yathā hy aham ||’ iti | ata eva jñāta-bhakti-mahimnā satā durvāsasāpi śrīmad-ambarīṣasya pāda-grahaṇam apy ācaritam, kintu ambarīṣasyānabhīṣṭam eva tad iti tatraiva vyaktatvāt | śrī-bhagavatā śrīmad-uddhavādibhiś ca brāhmaṇa-mātrasya vandanāc ca | itara-vaiṣṇavais tu tat sarvathā na mantavyaṁ ‘vipraṁ kṛtāgasam api naiva druhyata māmakāḥ | ghnantaṁ bahu śapantaṁ vā namaskuruta nityaśaḥ ||’ iti bhagavad-ādeśa-bhaṅga-prasaṅgāc ca | śvapākam iva nekṣeta ity-ādikaṁ tu tad-darśanāsakti-niṣedha-paratvena samādheyam | dṛśyate ca yudhiṣṭhira-draupady-ādīnām aśvatthāmni tathā vyavahāraḥ | vaiṣṇava-pūjakais tu vaiṣṇavānām ācāro’pi na vicāraṇīyaḥ ‘api cet sudurācāraḥ’ ity-ādeḥ, yathoktaṁ gāruḍe ‘viṣṇu-bhakti-samāyukto mithyācāro’py anāśramī | punāti sakalān lokān sahasrāṁśur ivoditaḥ ||’ iti | tad etad udāhṛtam eva—‘aho bata śvapaco’to garīyān yaj jihvāgre vartate nāma tubhyam’ ity-ādau | atra śvapaca-śabdo yaugikārtha-puraskāreṇaiva vartate | tato durjātitvena durācāratvenāpi nāvamantavyas tad-bhakta-janaḥ, svāvamantṛtvena tu sutarām | ata evoktaṁ gāruḍe ‘rukṣākṣaraṁ tu śṛṇvan vai tathā bhāgavateritam | praṇāma-pūrvaṁ taṁ kṣāntyā yo vaded vaiṣṇavo hi saḥ ||’ iti |
(Excerpt from Bhakti Sandarbha: 247)

“Also, worship as appropriate of Vaiṣṇavas in general is [described] as follows in Itihāsa-samuccaya (25.27), ‘Therefore, one should satisfy the Vaiṣṇavas for the sake of [attaining] Viṣṇu’s favor (prasāda). Certainly by this [i.e., by satisfying the Vaiṣṇavas] Viṣṇu shall become of gladden face. There is no doubt.’ Also by way of negative concomitance (vyatireka) [this same principle is taught] in the Uttara-khaṇḍa of Padma Purāṇa (253.177), ‘One who after having worshiped Govinda shall not worship those who ware his own, however, is not to be consider a bhāgavata [i.e., a genuine bhakta of Govinda]. He is regarded as merely a charlatan.’ In this regard, exaltedness (uttamatva) [on the part of a Vaiṣṇava] is verily to be honored even in any sort of caste [i.e., regardless which caste a Vaiṣṇava is born into], in accord with the conduct of Śrī Pṛthu [described in SB 4.21.12], ‘He [viz., Mahārāja Pṛthu], the sole bearer of the stick [i.e., ruler] over the seven islands, was of unchecked order everywhere apart from the brāhmaṇa community and apart from those of Acyuta’s line (gotra) [i.e., the Vaiṣṇavas, meaning, he did not rule over brāhmaṇas and Vaiṣṇavas but rather honored them and did so in regard to all of the Vaiṣṇavas regardless of where and in which caste they were born],’ or, in accord with the illustration stated by Śrī Nārada [in SB 7.11.35], ‘If a characteristic which is said to be an indicator of a person’s varṇa should be observed even elsewhere [i.e., even in a person born in a different varṇa], one should designate him [i.e., the person in whom the characteristic was observed] specifically with that [i.e., with the varṇa of that characteristic which was observed],’ as is stated [also] in Padma Purāṇa, ‘What [is the use] of numerous statements in this regard? Non-Vaiṣṇavas, although [i.e., even if they are] brāhmaṇas, are never to be looked at, never to be touched, and never to be spoken to.’ Also in this regard, [it is said] in the Māgha-māhātmya [of Padma Purāṇa], ‘Like a dog-cooker [is not to be looked at], one should not look at a non-Vaiṣṇava brāhmaṇa in this world. Even a Vaiṣṇava outside the varṇas [i.e., who does not belong to any of the four varṇas] purifies the three worlds. Bhaktas of Bhagavān are not śūdras. Rather, they are accepted as Bhāgavatas [i.e., to belong to Śrī Bhagavān and not to any caste]. Among all the varṇas, they are śūdras who are not bhaktas of Janārdana.’ In Itihāsa-samuccaya (31.55) [it is similarly said], ‘Remembered, conversed with, or worshiped, O best of the twice-born, a bhakta of Bhagavān, although a cāṇḍala, purifies [someone] automatically.’ Furthermore, otherwise [i.e., neglecting to honor all Vaiṣṇavas irrespective of their caste], a fault is heard of there [in the same text] specifically, ‘One who sees a bhakta of Bhagavān to be a śūdra, tribesman (niṣāda), or dog-cooker [i.e., outcaste] because of commonality in caste (jāti) certainly goes to Naraka.’ Pre-eminence [i.e., recognition of certain Vaiṣṇavas as being pre-eminent even among Vaiṣṇavas] too is observed in accord with a pre-eminence in [their] bhakti, as [is described in a statement of Śrī Bhagavān] in Garuḍa Purāṇa, ‘(1) Affection for my bhaktas, (2) approval of [my] worship, (3) fondness for hearing discussion of me, (4) transformations of the voice, eyes, and so forth [i.e., experiencing sāttvika-bhāvas as a result of emotions related to me], (5) dancing for the sake of Viṣṇu, (6) forsaking deceit [alt., arrogance, or, pretension] for his sake, (7) performing ritual worship [of him] oneself, and (8) not subsisting upon Viṣṇu [i.e., using acts of bhakti to Viṣṇu to earn a livelihood]—even a mleccha [i.e., person of the lowest caste] in whom these eight types of bhakti are present is the best of brāhmaṇas and greatest of sages. He is a knower (jñānī), and he is wise (paṇḍita). Give [charity, etc.] to him and accept [prasāda, etc.] from him since he is also worshipable as Hari is.’ Thus, Bhagavān says, ‘A caturvedī [i.e., a brāhmaṇa versed in the four Vedas] who is not my bhakta is not dear to me; [even] a dog-cooker who is my bhakta [however] is [dear to me]. Give [charity, etc.] to him and accept [prasāda, etc.] from him since he is also worshipable as I am.’
“Therefore, even holding [the kṣatriya] Śrīmad Ambarīṣa’s feet was enacted even by [the highly learned and revered ascetic brāhmaṇa sage] Durvāsā upon his becoming aware of the greatness of bhakti [after this was explained to him by Bhagavān Viṣṇu], yet that was certainly not desired by Ambarīṣa because of [Ambarīṣa’s distinterest towards that] being evident there itself [i.e., in the narration of this incident in Śrīmad Bhāgavatam]. Furthermore, because of obeisance [being offered] to brāhmaṇas in general by Śrī Bhagavān [himself personally] and by Śrīmad Uddhava and others [i.e., and other great bhaktas and companions of Śrī Bhagavān], that [i.e., having one’s feet held or in any other manner being bowed to or shown great formal reverence by a brāhmaṇa] is under no circumstance to be desired [alt., expected] by other Vaiṣṇavas. This is also so because of an incidence of breaking Bhagavān’s order [if desiring or expecting honor from brāhmaṇas should occur], as [is stated by Bhagavān Śrī Kṛṣṇa himself in SB 10.64.41], ‘O you all who are my own, never harm even a brāhmaṇa who has committed an offense. Be he beating or cursing [you] profusely, always offer obeisance [to him].’ [The aforecited statement from Padma Purāṇa], ‘Like a dog-cooker [is not to be looked at], one should not look at a non-Vaiṣṇava brāhmaṇa in this world,’ is to be reconciled [with the aforecited order of Bhagavān Śrī Kṛṣṇa given in SB 10.64.41 to always offer obeisance to brāhmaṇas regardless of their behavior, meaning, regardless of whether they are Vaiṣṇavas or not] as being related to a prohibition on attachment to the sight of them [i.e., the instruction in the aforecited verse from Padma Purāṇa to not look at a non-Vaiṣṇava brāhmaṇa should be understood to refer to fostering no attachment to seeing non-Vaiṣṇava brāhmaṇas, and thus Bhagavān Śrī Kṛṣṇa’s order in SB 10.64.41 to always offer obeisance to them stands, meaning, in practice one should always show respect to a brāhmaṇa regardless of his behavior or whether he is a Vaiṣṇava or not yet one should not foster attachment to seeing non-Vaiṣṇava brāhmaṇas]. Such conduct is also observed on the part of Yudhiṣṭhira, Draupadī, and others in regard to Aśvatthāmā [i.e., the Pāṇḍavas and Draupadī offered respect to Aśvathāmā, who was the son of Droṇa, a brāhmaṇa, despite the fact that Aśvathāmā killed their sons and fired a brahmāstra at Uttarā in an attempt to kill their future grandson Parīkṣit]. Even the conduct of Vaiṣṇavas, however, is not to be judged by worshipers of Vaiṣṇavas, as per [Bhagavān Śrī Kṛṣṇa’s teaching in BG 9.30], ‘Even if possessed of extreme misconduct, he who worships me being devoted to no other [devatā] is to be regarded as verily virtuous (sādhu), since he is rightly resolved,’ and as stated in Garuḍa Purāṇa, ‘One fully endowed with Viṣṇu-bhakti, although [i.e., even if] possessed of deceitful behavior and devoid of any āśrama [i.e., designated role in the social order], purifies all people like the risen sun.’ This, this [verse, viz., SB 3.33.7] was cited specifically [earlier in BSK 128], ‘Aho bata [i.e., how astonishing]! A dog-cooker on the tip of whose tongue your name is present is thus highly honorable. Those who take your name have undergone austerity, conducted sacrifices, bathed [in all tīrthas], become noble, and studied the Veda.’ Here [in SB 3.33.7], the word ‘dog-cooker’ (śvapaca) is present with emphasis specifically on the etymological meaning [of the word, i.e., the word is used to refer literally to people who cook and eat dog meat]. Consequently, a person who is his [i.e., Bhagavān’s] bhakta is not to be disrespected on account of being of low caste or even on account of being possessed of misconduct, and therefore certainly [is] not [to be disrespected] on account of being disrespectful towards oneself. Therefore, it is said in Garuḍa Purāṇa, ‘One who after hearing harsh words uttered by a Bhāgavata can offer obeisance and speak with forbearance [respectfully to that Bhāgavata] is certainly a Vaiṣṇava.’”

Read on →

evam ahaṁ brāhmaṇān eva seve

evam ahaṁ brāhmaṇān eva seve mad-dṛṣṭyā ca ye brāhmaṇān sevamānā bhaveyus ta eva mat-sevakāḥ, yato brāhmaṇa-mukhenaivāhaṁ bhuñje ity āha—nāham iti | … carato bhuñjānasya mayi samarpitaiḥ karma-phalais tuṣṭasyety anena tathā ‘viprāṇāṁ deva-devānāṁ bhagavān ātma-daivatam’ ity agrima-vākyena brāhmaṇasya bhakti-rāhitye saty apūjyatvam abhivyajya ‘śvapākam iva nekṣeta loke vipram avaiṣṇavam’ ity ādi vacana-virodhaḥ parihṛtaḥ | avaiṣṇavaṁ vaiṣṇava-vidveṣiṇam iti tatrārtho draṣṭavyaḥ | evaṁ ca bhakti-miśra-svadharmavān eva brāhmaṇo bhavati, yathā vaśiṣṭādiḥ | bhakteḥ kaivalye prādhānye sati jātyā brāhmaṇo’pi vaiṣṇava evocyate, yathā śrī-nāradādir iti vivecanīyam |
(Excerpt from the Sārārtha-darśinī-ṭīkā on Śrīmad Bhāgavatam: 3.16.8)

“I worship the brāhmaṇas specifically, and only they who shall become engaged in worship of brāhmaṇas are [accepted by me as] worshipers of myself since I eat specifically through the mouth of brāhmaṇas. Thus, he says nāham … [i.e., Bhagavān Viṣṇu speaks SB 3.16.8]. … ’An eating (carataḥ) brāhmaṇa satisfied with the results of his own actions offered to me’—by this [statement in SB 3.16.8 which indicates that it is part of the code of conduct incumbent upon a brāhmaṇa to offer the results of his actions to Viṣṇu] and by the forthcoming statement [in SB 3.16.17], ‘Bhagavān is the Self and Daivata [i.e., object of worship] of the brāhmaṇas—[who are] the devas [i.e., objects of worship] of [even] the devas,’ a contradiction with the statement indicative of a brāhmaṇa’s non-honorability when he is devoid of bhakti [in the Māgha-māhātmya of Padma Purāṇa], ‘Like a dog-cooker [is not to be looked at], one not should look at a non-Vaiṣṇava brāhmaṇa in this world’ is refuted. The meaning of the word ‘non-Vaiṣṇava’ (Avaiṣṇava) there [i.e., in this verse from Padma Purāṇa] is to be see as an antagonist of Vaiṣṇavas [i.e., the ‘non-Vaiṣṇava’ (Avaiṣṇava) brāhmaṇa spoken of in this verse should understood to refer not any brāhmaṇa who is not a devout Vaiṣṇava but rather to a brāhmaṇa who is antagonistic towards Vaiṣṇavas specifically]. In this way, furthermore, specifically one who is adherent to svadharma [i.e., the duties of one’s varṇa and āśrama] mixed with [engagement in] bhakti [secondarily as a sub-part of adherence to svadharma] is [regarded as being] a brāhmaṇa [and not a Vaiṣṇava], as in the case of Vaśiṣṭha and others. Even a brāhmaṇa by birth (jāti) [i.e., even someone born into a family of brāhmaṇas, on the contrary] is called a Vaiṣṇava specifically [i.e., and not simply called a brāhmaṇa] when he has an exclusivity or predominance of bhakti [i.e., when, unlike a brāhmaṇa as afore defined, one is devoted to bhakti exclusively, that is, to the exclusion of observance of svadharma, or predominantly, that is, over and above observance svadharma which one may continue to observe only secondarily and without śraddhā for the sake of social cohesion], as in the case of Śrī Nārada and others. This is to be discerned.”

Read on →

brāhmaṇo janmanā śreyān sarveṣāṁ prāṇinām iha

brāhmaṇo janmanā śreyān sarveṣāṁ prāṇinām iha |
tapasā vidyayā tuṣṭyā kim u mat-kalayā yutaḥ ||
(Śrīmad Bhāgavatam: 10.86.53)

“A brāhmaṇa by birth is the best of all living beings here, and all the more so [is superior to others when] endowed with austerity, learning, contentment, and worship of me.”

Read on →

tvaṁ hi brahma-vidāṁ śreṣṭhaḥ saṁskārān kartum arhasi

tvaṁ hi brahma-vidāṁ śreṣṭhaḥ saṁskārān kartum arhasi |
bālayor anayor nṝṇāṁ janmanā brāhmaṇo guruḥ ||
(Śrīmad Bhāgavatam: 10.8.6)

“[Nanda Mahārāja to Garga Muni:] Since you are the best of knowers of Brahman, you are fit to perform the saṁskāras for these two boys [viz., Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma]. A brāhmaṇa by birth is the guru of human beings.”

Read on →

jāti kula kriyā dhane kichu nāhi kare

jāti kula kriyā dhane kichu nāhi kare |
prema-dhana ārti vine nā pāi kṛṣṇere ||
ye te kule vaiṣṇavera janma kene nahe |
tathāpiha sarvottama sarva-śāstre kahe ||
ei tāra pramāṇa—yavana hari-dāsa |
brahmādira durlabha dekhila parakāśa ||
ye pāpiṣṭha vaiṣṇavera jāti-buddhi kare |
janma janma adhama-yonite ḍubi mare ||
(Caitanya-bhāgavata: 2.10.99–102)

“Caste [i.e., birth in a high caste], family [i.e., birth in a noble family], accomplishment [i.e., performing great worldly works], and wealth do not do anything [i.e., cannot enable anyone to attain Kṛṣṇa]. Without the wealth of prema and heartache (ārti), one does not attain Kṛṣṇa. A Vaiṣṇava’s birth may be in any family. Why not? Still, all the śāstras say the Vaiṣṇava is the most exalted of all [i.e., exalted above and beyond all who neglect to engage in bhakti to Śrī Bhagavān, regardless of their caste, family, accomplishments, and wealth]. The evidence of this is Yavana Hari Dāsa, who saw a manifestation [of Śrī Bhagavān] difficult to attain [even] for Brahmā and others. A sinner who considers a Vaiṣṇava to belong to a caste [i.e., be no different than others in the caste of his birth] sinks to a lowly form of life and dies birth after birth.”

Read on →

arcādāv arcayet tāvad īśvaraṁ māṁ sva-karma-kṛt

arcādāv arcayet tāvad īśvaraṁ māṁ sva-karma-kṛt |
yāvan na veda sva-hṛdi sarva-bhūteṣv avasthitam ||
(Śrīmad Bhāgavatam: 3.29.25)

“Being a performer of one’s own duty (karma), one should worship [me, Īśvara] in a deity or elsewhere so long as one does not know in one’s own heart me, Īśvara, to be present in all beings [and once one does, then one should continue to worship a deity of myself, but purely as my bhakta rather than as a follower of the path of karma].”

Read on →

ahaṁ sarveṣu bhūteṣu bhūtātmāvasthitaḥ sadā

ahaṁ sarveṣu bhūteṣu bhūtātmāvasthitaḥ sadā |
tam avajñāya māṁ martyaḥ kurute’rcā-viḍambanam ||
(Śrīmad Bhāgavatam: 3.29.21; cited in Bhakti Sandarbha: 106)

[Kapiladeva:] “I am ever present in all beings as the Self [i.e., the Inner Regulator (Antaryāmī)] of all beings. By disrespecting him, that is, me, a mortal makes a mockery of ritual worship [alt., a mockery of my deity].”

Read on →

antar deheṣu bhūtānām ātmāste harir īśvaraḥ

antar deheṣu bhūtānām ātmāste harir īśvaraḥ |
sarvaṁ tad-dhiṣṇyam īkṣadhvam evaṁ vas toṣito hy asau ||
(Śrīmad Bhāgavatam: 6.4.13)

“The Self, Hari, Īśvara, is present inside the bodies of [all] living beings. [Therefore,] See everything as an abode of his. In this way, he will certainly be pleased with you all.”

Read on →

pātraṁ tv atra niruktaṁ vai kavibhiḥ pātra-vittamaiḥ

pātraṁ tv atra niruktaṁ vai kavibhiḥ pātra-vittamaiḥ |
harir evaika urvīśa yan-mayaṁ vai carācaram ||
devarṣy-arhatsu vai satsu tatra brahmātmajādiṣu |
rājan yad agra-pūjāyāṁ mataḥ pātratayācyutaḥ ||
jīva-rāśibhir ākīrṇa aṇḍa-kośāṅghripo mahān |
tan-mūlatvād acyutejyā sarva-jīvātma-tarpaṇam ||
purāṇy anena sṛṣṭāni nṛ-tiryag-ṛṣi-devatāḥ |
śete jīvena rūpeṇa pureṣu puruṣo hy asau ||
teṣv eva bhagavān rājaṁs tāratamyena vartate |
tasmāt pātraṁ hi puruṣo yāvān ātmā yatheyate ||
(Śrīmad Bhāgavatam: 7.14.34–38)

“[Śrī Nārada to Śrī Yudhiṣṭhira:] O Ruler of the earth! The one Hari alone, of whom the universe [lit., the moving and the unmoving] is constituted, has been declared the [most] fit recipient of honor (pātram) here [i.e., on the earth] by the learned most knowledgable in regard to fit recipients of honor since, O King, Acyuta [i.e., Hari] was accepted as being the fit recipient of the first worship there [i.e., at your Rājasūya sacrifice] even when the devas, ṛṣis, ascetics, sons of Brahmā [i.e., Sanat, Sanandana, and so on], and others were present. Worship of Acyuta is satisfying to all jīvas and oneself because of [his] being the root of the vast tree of the universe filled with the multitudes of jīvas. The abodes [i.e., bodies] of human beings, animals, sages, and devatās [i.e., all living beings] were emanated by him. He, the Puruṣa, [then] lies in those abodes in the form of life [i.e., in the form of he who is the cause of life in those abodes, i.e., the Inner Regulator (Antaryāmī)]. O King, Bhagavān is present in these [abodes, i.e., bodies] verily in a gradation. Therefore, a person [i.e., a human being] is a fit recipient of honor as and to the extent the Self [i.e., Bhagavān] is perceived.”

Read on →

Scroll to Top