Bhagavān

atha bhakta-niṣṭhām aiśvarya-jñānam

atha bhakta-niṣṭhām aiśvarya-jñānam | īśvaro’yam ity anusandhāne sati hṛt-kampā-janaka-sambhrameṇa svīya-bhāvasyātiśaithilyaṁ yat pratipādayati tad aiśvarya-jñānam, ata eva ‘yuvāṁ na naḥ sutau sākṣāt pradhāna-puruṣeśvarau’ ity ādi vasudevokteḥ, ‘sakheti matvā prasabhaṁ yad uktam’ ity arjunokteś ca | īśvaro’yam ity anusandhāne’pi hṛt-kampā-janaka-sambhrama-gandhasyānudgamāt svīya-bhāvasyātisthairyam eva yad utpādayati tan mādhurya-jñānam, yathā—‘vandinas tam upadeva-gaṇā ye vādya-gīta-balibhiḥ parivavruḥ | vatsalo vraja-gavāṁ yad aga-dhro vandyamāna-caraṇaḥ pathi vṛddhaiḥ ||’ iti ca yugala-gītokteḥ |
(Rāga-vartma-candrikā: 2.5)

“Now, awareness of Godhood (Aiśvarya-jñāna) present in bhaktas [will be discussed]. That [awareness] which produces a great slackening of one’s own bhāva [for Kṛṣṇa] by means of reverential excitement (sambhrama) productive of trembling of the heart when the thought is present, ‘He is Īśvara,’ is [called] ‘awareness of Godhood’ (Aiśvarya-jñāna), thus in accord with the statement of Vasudeva [in SB 10.85.15], ‘You two are not our sons; you two are directly the Īśvaras of material existence (pradhāna) and [all] embodied beings (puruṣa),’ and the statement of Arjuna [in BG 11.41–42], ‘O Acyuta, I beg you, the Immeasureable, for forgiveness for what was importunately said by me out of inattention or because of uninhibited affection—‘Hey Kṛṣṇa! Hey Yādava! Hey Sakhā!’—considering you a friend and not knowing this greatness of yours, and for your not being honored [by me] while sporting, resting, sitting, and eating alone or in the presence of others for the sake of jesting.’ That [awareness] which causes only great steadiness of one’s own bhāva [for Kṛṣṇa] as a result of the non-production of [even] a trace of reverential excitement (sambhrama) productive of trembling of the heart even in the presence of the thought, ‘He is Īśvara,’ is [called] ‘awareness of sweetness’ (mādhurya-jñāna), as per the statement by the gopīs in the Yugala-gīta [in SB 10.35.21–22], ‘Praisers, who are minor devas, worship him all around with music, songs, and tributes; [he is] affectionate to the cows of Vraja since he is the lifter of the mountain [viz., Govardhana], and his feet are being worshiped by the elders [i.e., the devatās] along the path.’”

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rāga-bhakti vidhi-bhakti haya dui-rūpa

rāga-bhakti vidhi-bhakti haya dui-rūpa |
svayaṁ-bhagavattve bhagavattve prakāśa dvi-rūpa ||
rāga-bhaktye vraje svayaṁ-bhagavāne pāya |
vidhi-bhaktye pārṣada-dehe vaikuṇṭhete yāya ||
(Caitanya-caritāmṛta: 2.24.84–85, 87)

“There are two forms [of bhakti]: rāga-bhakti and vidhi-bhakti. There are two forms of manifestation [of Brahman in response to these two forms of bhakti]: as Svayam Bhagavān [i.e., as Śrī Kṛṣṇa in Gokula] and as Bhagavān [i.e., as the various forms of Bhagavān found elsewhere]. By rāga-bhakti, one attains Svayaṁ Bhagavān in Vraja. By vidhi-bhakti, one reaches Vaikuṇṭha in the body of a companion (pārṣada) [of Bhagavān].”

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idam ākarṇya bhagavān utthāya śayyanād drutam

idam ākarṇya bhagavān utthāya śayyanād drutam |
priya-prema-parādhīno rudann uccair bahir gataḥ ||
(Bṛhad Bhāgavatāmṛta: 1.6.63)

“Hearing this [statement of Balarāma], Bhagavān [i.e., Śrī Kṛṣṇa], he who is captivated by the prema of dear ones, quickly arose from bed and went outside, weeping loudly.”

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paraṁ bhagavatā sākaṁ sākṣāt-krīḍā-paramparāḥ

paraṁ bhagavatā sākaṁ sākṣāt-krīḍā-paramparāḥ |
sadānubhavituṁ tair hi vaikuṇṭho’pekṣyate kvacit ||
(Bṛhad Bhāgavatāmṛta: 1.3.62)
“Vaikuṇṭha is sometimes desired by them [i.e., bhaktas sometimes desire to enter Vaikuṇṭha] only specifically to continuously and directly experience a succession of play with Bhagavān.”

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na me priyaś caturvedī mad-bhaktaḥ śvapacaḥ priyaḥ

na me priyaś caturvedī mad-bhaktaḥ śvapacaḥ priyaḥ |
tasmai deyaṁ tato grāhyaṁ sa ca pūjyo yathā hy aham ||
(Itihāsa-samuccaya; cited in Hari-bhakti-vilāsa: 10.127; Caitanya-caritāmṛta: 2.19.50, 2.20.58)
“[Śrī Bhagavān:] A caturvedī [i.e., a brāhmaṇa versed in the four Vedas] is not dear to me [if they are not my bhakta]. [Even] A dog-cooker who is my bhakta [however] is dear [to me]. Give [charity, etc.] to him [i.e., such a bhakta] and accept [prasāda, etc.] from him since he is also worshipable as I am.”

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kirāta-hūṇāndhra-pulinda-pulkaśā

kirāta-hūṇāndhra-pulinda-pulkaśā
ābhīra-śumbhā yavanāḥ khasādayaḥ |
ye’nye ca pāpā yad-apāśrayāśrayāḥ
śudhyanti tasmai prabhaviṣṇave namaḥ ||
(Śrīmad Bhāgavatam: 2.4.18; cited in Hari-bhakti-vilāsa: 11.667)

“Kirātas, Hūṇas, Andhras, Pulindas, Pulkaśas, Ābhīras, Śumbhas, Yavanas, Khasas, and so forth, as well as other sinners, become purified upon taking shelter in those who have taken shelter in whom—obeisance unto him, the Almighty.”

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taj janma tāni karmāṇi tad āyus tan mano vacaḥ

taj janma tāni karmāṇi tad āyus tan mano vacaḥ |
nṝṇāṁ yena hi viśvātmā sevyate harir īśvaraḥ ||
kiṁ janmabhis tribhir veha śaukra-sāvitra-yājñikaiḥ |
karmabhir vā trayī-proktaiḥ puṁso’pi vibudhāyuṣā ||
śrutena tapasā vā kiṁ vacobhiś citta-vṛttibhiḥ |
buddhyā vā kiṁ nipuṇayā balenendriya-rādhasā ||
kiṁ vā yogena sāṅkhyena nyāsa-svādhyāyayor api |
kiṁ vā śreyobhir anyaiś ca na yatrātma-prado hariḥ ||
śreyasām api sarveṣām ātmā hy avadhir arthataḥ |
sarveṣām api bhūtānāṁ harir ātmātmadaḥ priyaḥ ||
(Śrīmad Bhāgavatam: 4.31.9–13; cited in Bhakti Sandarbha: 51, 101)

“That is a birth, those are actions, that is a life, that is mind and [that is] is speech on the part of human beings whereby Hari, Īśvara, the Self of the universe, is worshiped. Here [in this world], what [is the use] of the three births—the seminal (śaukra), the sāvitra [i.e., the second birth brought about by dīkṣā into the sāvitra-mantra and investiture with the sacred thread, viz., the upanayana-saṁskāra], and the sacrificial (yājñika) [i.e., the third birth brought about by dīkṣā into the performance of a particular Vedic sacrifice (yajña)], what [is the use] of the rites prescribed in the three [Vedas], what [is the use] of even the lifespan of a deva for a human being, what [is the use] of hearing, austerity, words, and states of mind, what [is the use] of sharp intellect, [physical] strength, and acuity of the senses, what [is the use] of yoga [i.e., aṣṭāṅga-yoga], sāṅkhya [i.e., discrimination between the body and self], sannyāsa, and even study, and what [is the use] of any other means of benefit (śreyas) [e.g., vows (vratas), non-attachment (vairāgya), etc.] whereby Hari does not become a bestower of the Self [alt., himself]? In reality, the Self specifically is the culmination even of all means of benefit, and Hari is the Self, the Bestower of the Self, and the Beloved even of all beings.”

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brahmaṇya-devaḥ puruṣaḥ purātano

brahmaṇya-devaḥ puruṣaḥ purātano
nityaṁ harir yac-caraṇābhivandanāt |
avāpa lakṣmīm anapāyinīṁ yaśo
jagat-pavitraṁ ca mahattamāgraṇīḥ ||
yat-sevayāśeṣa-guhāśayaḥ svarāḍ
vipra-priyas tuṣyati kāmam īśvaraḥ |
tad eva tad-dharma-parair vinītaiḥ
sarvātmanā brahma-kulaṁ niṣevyatām ||
pumān labhetānativelam ātmanaḥ
prasīdato’tyanta-śamaṁ svataḥ svayam |
yan-nitya-sambandha-niṣevayā tataḥ
paraṁ kim atrāsti mukhaṁ havir-bhujām ||
aśnāty anantaḥ khalu tattva-kovidaiḥ
śraddhā-hutaṁ yan-mukha ijya-nāmabhiḥ |
na vai tathā cetanayā bahiṣ-kṛte
hutāśane pāramahaṁsya-paryaguḥ ||
yad brahma nityaṁ virajaṁ sanātanaṁ
śraddhā-tapo-maṅgala-mauna-saṁyamaiḥ |
samādhinā bibhrati hārtha-dṛṣṭaye
yatredam ādarśa ivāvabhāsate ||
teṣām ahaṁ pāda-saroja-reṇum
āryā vaheyādhi-kirīṭam āyuḥ |
yaṁ nityadā bibhrata āśu pāpaṁ
naśyaty amuṁ sarva-guṇā bhajanti ||
(Śrīmad Bhāgavatam: 4.21.38–43)

“[Pṛthu Mahārāja addresses an assembly of devas, brāhmaṇas, and kings:] By respectfully bowing to whose feet the Deva [i.e., the Best] of those supportive of brāhmaṇas, the Primeval Puruṣa, the Foremost of the greatest of the mahats—Hari [himself]—attains imperishable Lakṣmī and glory purifying of the [entire] world, and by worshiping whom he who dwells in the hearts of all, he who is self-manifest, he to whom the brāhmaṇas are dear [alt., he who is dear to the brāhmaṇas], Īśvara [viz., again, Hari himself], is satisfied as desired—that brāhmaṇa caste specifically is to be worshiped in all respects by cultured persons devoted to his [viz., Śrī Hari’s] dharma. Through whose mouth, and indeed not so through a fire devoid of consciousness, the Infinite One [viz., Hari]—he whose words are graspable [only] by paramahaṁsas—eats an oblation [offered] with reverence and obeisances unto the objects of worship [i.e., the devas] by persons cognizant of the reality, and by means of worship in regular connection with whom a person on their own [i.e., without engaging in cultivation of jñāna] without any great delay can, by virtue of [thereby acquiring] a purified mind, attain absolute equanimity [i.e., mokṣa]—what greater mouth of the devas exists in this world than that [i.e., than the mouth of a brāhmaṇa]? O honorable people! All my life may I carry atop my crown the dust of the lotus feet of they who by means of faith, austerity, well-being, silence, restraint, and samādhi [i.e., steadiness of mind] perpetually carry the pure, eternal Veda, in which this [world] appears as though in a mirror, for the sake of sight [i.e., understanding] of its [i.e., the Veda’s] object, [those brāhmaṇas’ foot dust] which quickly destroys the sin of one who always carries it [atop the head]. All qualities take shelter in him [i.e., in one who honors the foot dust of brāhmaṇas].”

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yasyāmṛtāmala-yaśaḥ-śravaṇāvagāhaḥ

yasyāmṛtāmala-yaśaḥ-śravaṇāvagāhaḥ
sadyaḥ punāti jagad āśvapacād vikuṇṭhaḥ |
so’haṁ bhavadbhya upalabdha-sutīrtha-kīrtiś
chindyāṁ sva-bāhum api vaḥ pratikūla-vṛttim ||
yat-sevayā caraṇa-padma-pavitra-reṇuṁ
sadyaḥ kṣatākhila-malaṁ pratilabdha-śīlam |
na śrīr viraktam api māṁ vijahāti yasyāḥ
prekṣā-lavārtham itare niyamān vahanti ||
nāhaṁ tathādmi yajamāna-havir vitāne
ścyotad-ghṛta-plutam adan huta-bhuṅ-mukhena |
yad brāhmaṇasya mukhataś carato’nughāsaṁ
tuṣṭasya mayy avahitair nija-karma-pākaiḥ ||
yeṣāṁ bibharmy aham akhaṇḍa-vikuṇṭha-yoga-
māyā-vibhūtir amalāṅghri-rajaḥ kirīṭaiḥ |
viprāṁs tu ko na viṣaheta yad-arhaṇāmbhaḥ
sadyaḥ punāti saha-candra-lalāma-lokān ||
ye me tanūr dvija-varān duhatīr madīyā
bhūtāny alabdha-śaraṇāni ca bheda-buddhyā |
drakṣyanty agha-kṣata-dṛśo hy ahi-manyavas tān
gṛdhrā ruṣā mama kuṣanty adhidaṇḍa-netuḥ ||
ye brāhmaṇān mayi dhiyā kṣipato’rcayantas
tuṣyad-dhṛdaḥ smita-sudhokṣita-padma-vaktrāḥ |
vāṇyānurāga-kalayātmajavad gṛṇantaḥ
sambodhayanty aham ivāham upāhṛtas taiḥ ||
(Śrīmad Bhāgavatam: 3.16.6–11)

“[Śrī Bhagavān addresses the four Kumāras:] He upon plunging into the nectar of hearing about whose untainted glory the [whole] world is immediately purified, including [even] dog-cookers—[that is,] I, Vikuṇṭha [i.e., Bhagavān]—who have attained the fame of being an excellent tīrtha [i.e., source of purification] because of you all [i.e., because of all of you brāhmaṇas], by the worship of whom I am (1) endowed with purifying dust on my lotus feet, (2) purged of all contamination instantly, (3) possessed of good character, and (4) such that Śrī—for the sake of [attaining] an instant of whose attention others [viz., the devas led by Brahmā] observe restraints (niyamas) [i.e., austerities, etc.]—does not abandon me although [I am] detached—[I who am such] shall cut off even my own arm [if it is] unfavorably engaged [towards you brāhmaṇas]. I do not eat an oblation from a performer of yajña in a sacrifice through the mouth of the fire [in the sacrifice] as I eat each morsel covered with dripping ghee through the mouth of an eating brāhmaṇa who is satisfied with the results of his own actions offered to me [i.e., I am more satisfied with offerings made to brāhmaṇas than I am with offerings made to me directly in the fire of a yajña]. Who would not forgive [even misbehaved] brāhmaṇas, whose taintless foot dust I carry on my crown—I who am possessed of the undivided and unchecked magnificence of [my] yogamāyā [potency] and whose worship water [i.e., the water used to worship whose feet] immediately purifies all planes along with Śiva? [i.e., everyone should forgive brāhmaṇas if they commit some transgression since even I do so and carry the foot dust of brāhmaṇas atop my head]. The principal administrator of justice’s [viz., Yamarāja’s] vultures [i.e., emissaries in vulture of form], wrathful like snakes, angrily tear apart they of vision impaired by sin who see the best of the twice-born, cows, and living beings devoid of shelter—[who are] forms of me [i.e., who are dwelling places (adhiṣṭhānas) of mine] and [who are] my own—with thought of distinction [from me, i.e., without recognizing that brāhmaṇas are objects of my sense of ‘I,’ cows are objects of my sense of ‘my,’ and the shelterless are objects of my compassion]. I am captivated by they of satisfied heart and lotus faces moistened with the nectar of gentle smiles who assuage [even] insulting brāhmaṇas just as I do [in the case of Bhṛgu and others], worshiping [them] with mind upon me [i.e., with vision of me within them] and praising [them] with speech replete with the art of affection like a son [who similarly pacifies his angry father].”

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nāham ijyā-prajātibhyāṁ tapasopaśamena vā

nāham ijyā-prajātibhyāṁ tapasopaśamena vā |
tuṣyeyaṁ sarva-bhūtātmā guru-śuśrūṣayā yathā ||
(Śrīmad Bhāgavatam: 10.80.34)

“I [Bhagavān], the Self of all beings, shall not be satisfied by sacrifice, higher birth [alt., procreation], austerity, or equilibrium as [I am] by service to the guru.”

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